1800’s
1 . 1859 – Charles Darwin publishes The Origin of Speci
2 .1866 – Gregor Mendel discovers the basic principles of genetics
3 .1869 – Friedrich Miescher identifies “nuclein”
1900’s
1 .1900s – The Eugenics Movement
2 .1900 – Mendel’s theories are rediscovered by researchers
3 .1902 – Sir Archibald Edward Garrod is the first to associate Mendel’s theories with a human disease
4 .1944 – Oswald Avery identifies DNA as the ‘transforming principle’
5 .1950 – Erwin Chargaff discovers that DNA composition is species specific
6 .1952 – Rosalind Franklin photographs crystallized DNA fibres
7 .1953 – James Watson and Francis Crick discover the double helix structure of DNA
8 .1953 – George Gamow and the “RNA Tie Club”
9 .1959 – An additional copy of chromosome 21 linked to Down’s syndrome
10 .1965 – Marshall Nirenberg is the first person to sequence the bases in each codon
11 .1977 – Frederick Sanger develops rapid DNA sequencing techniques
12 .1983 – Huntington’s disease is the first mapped genetic disease
13 .1990 – The first gene found to be associated with increased susceptibility to familial breast and ovarian cancer is identified
14 .1990 – The Human Genome Project begins
15 .1995 – Haemophilus Influenzae is the first bacterium genome sequenced
16 .1996 – Dolly the sheep is cloned
17 .1996 – ‘Bermuda Principles’ established
18 .1999 – First human chromosome is decoded
2000’s
1 .2000 – Genetic code of the fruit fly is decoded
2 .2002 – Mouse is the first mammal to have its genome decoded
3 .2003 – The Human Genome Project is completed
4 .2013 – DNA Worldwide and Eurofins Forensic discover identical twins have differences in their genetic makeup
५.2014 – Further Breakthroughs
6 .Future – Epigenetics, personalised medicine and greater individual responsibility
